Frisian
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This page is intended as a comprehensive bibliography of pseudocoordination in the Frisian languages; for discussion, see Section 2.2.1.3 of Ross (2021). If you have any feedback or additional references to suggest, please contact me.
Status
- Description status: minimal information about pseudocoordination; multiple detailed studies for IPI construction
- Current bibliographic coverage: incomplete
- Total references: 9
- Last updated: December 2022, based on dissertation (Dec. 2021), Section 2.2.1.3
Summary
Pseudocoordination with two finite verbs is not a prominent feature of the Frisian languages, but Ebert (2000) has reported progressive pseudocoordination in North Frisian due to contact with Danish. Another construction, the IPI, is widespread in the Frisian languages.
Pseudocoordination in North Frisian
Ebert, Karen H. 2000. Progressive markers in Germanic languages. In Östen Dahl (ed.), Tense and aspect in the languages of Europe, 605–653. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110197099.4.605
Imperativus-pro-Infinitivo (IPI) construction
Unlike typical pseudocoordination constructions with two finite verbs, the IPI construction involves the linking element 'and' connecting a second clause with a verb typically in the imperative form and functioning similarly to an infinitive. See also Dutch, where this construction is attested in some dialects. Given that this construction involves the linking element 'and' plus a verb in a specific, i.e. dependent, form, this could be considered a type of para-hypotaxis rather than pseudocoordination in a strict sense (cf. Ross 2021)
Barbiers, Sjef et al. 2006–. Dynamic Syntactic Atlas of the Dutch dialects (DynaSAND). Amsterdam: Meertens Institute. http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/sand/
Barbiers, Sjef, Johan van der Auwera, Hans Bennis, Eefje Boef, Gunther De Vogelaer & Margreet van der Ham. 2008. SAND: Syntactic Atlas of the Dutch Dialects: Volume II. Commentary. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. [Pages 29,32]
de Haan, Germen J. 1990. De Friese Imperativus-Pro-Infinitivo. In Georges de Schutter, Marinel Gerritsen & Cornelis van Bree (eds.), Dialectsyntaxis (Taal en Tongval themanummer 3), 87–107.
de Haan, Germen J. & Fred Weerman. 1986. Finiteness and Verb Fronting in Frisian. In Hubert Haider & Martin Prinzhorn (eds.), Verb Second Phenomena in Germanic Languages, 77–110. Dordrecht: Foris Publications. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110846072.77
de Waart, A. A. J. 1971. Constructies met EN+imperatiefzin in het moderne Westlauwerse Fries. In Pyt Jan Sikkema & A. A. J. de Waart (eds.), Studzjekonferinsje Frysk, 6 en 7 april 1971 to Grins: organisearre fan ’e Ynteruniversitaire Stúdzjerie Frysk, 3–31. Ljouwert: Ynteruniversitaire Stúdzjerie Frysk.
de Waart, A. A. J. 1972. Twee aspecten van de Friese imperativus pro infinitivo: ‘saamhorigheid’ en ‘content phases.’ In Pyt Jan Sikkema & A. A. J. de Waart (eds.), Appendix to Studzjekonferinsje Frysk, 6 en 7 april 1971 to Grins: organisearre fan ’e Ynteruniversitaire Stúdzjerie Frysk (1971), 1–40. Ljouwert: Ynteruniversitaire Stúdzjerie Frysk.
Hoekstra, Eric. 2020. The Imperativus-pro-Infinitivo construction. In Taalportaal. 2.1 edn. Meertens Instituut, Leiden University, Instituut voor Nederlandse Taal, Fryske Akademy, & Virtuele Instituut Vir Afrikaans. https://taalportaal.org/taalportaal/topic/pid/topic-14111103536403599
Ross, Daniel. 2021. Pseudocoordination, Serial Verb Constructions and Multi-Verb Predicates: The relationship between form and structure. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Ph.D. dissertation. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5546425 [Sections 2.2.1.3 & 3.3]
Veldman, Fokko. 1991. De en-constructie in het Gronings. Een Nedersaksische constructie met verwanten in het Fries en het Engels. Us Wurk 40. 104–121.